Substance Abuse Treatment Center Of The World - 798 Words

Introduction to the foundation of the issue. Here in Florida there many substance abuse treatment facilities, in fact there are so many that Southern Florida is not considered the substance abuse treatment center of the world. This is the description of Southern Florida that was talked about in classrooms, at an undergraduate program at Indian River State College (IRSC) in Fort Pierce Florida. Many time a professor would talk about Southern Florida being the treatment capital of the world, and there was silence in the room, an awkward silence at that. The students did not understand what that was and they did not know how to interpret that as a good thing or a bad. It confused them to hear that their community would be infested with drug addicts. This thought seemed to put fear in their minds the same as it does anyone living in Southern Florida, who does not see the need for substance abuse treatment for people who struggle with chemical addictions. The citizens pout in the community neighborhoods have been going to town hall meetings and protesting the increase request form person wanting to help addicts, and create sober living homes or even treatment centers for substance abuse addictions treatment programs. There are people who openly state not in my back yard (NIMBY). This is what happens when someone want to open a sober living community home or an inpatient treatment facility. However, these citizens are less informed as to who would live in these sober living homes,Show MoreRelatedSubstance Abuse903 Words   |  4 PagesSubstance Abuse Substance Abuse is a problem for social workers around the country no matter where you go. There are a number of different social problems, and social systems that a social worker will have to deal with when working in this field. I will hope to address the problem of substance abuse, and the different techniques used in order to cure a client suffering from substance abuse. Substance abuse social workers assess and treat individuals with substance abuse problems, which includeRead MoreHealth And Health Care Act1380 Words   |  6 Pagesmainstream medical service will affect the lives of many Americans positively, as only a small percentage of people who need treatment for alcoholism, drug and substance abuse and other mental conditions actually get the treatment in the absence of proper legislation. As many as 89% of people who required treatment for mental disorders and addiction in 2010 did not get treatment due to unfavorable and restrictive health plans which they may not afford anyway. 25% of grown-ups in the United States sufferRead MoreDrug Rehab : South Carolina1496 Words   |  6 Pagesclock for the recovering person. This intensive form of treatment fits all types of addiction cases, and is particularly effective for severe addiction problems. On the other hand, outpatient treatment offers short and long-term programs as well as the flexibi lity to maintain work and other personal obligations while receiving addiction treatment. This type of program requires the individual to manage their sobriety when away from the treatment program; a difficult, if not impossible task for severelyRead MoreFamily Therapy And Substance Abuse1524 Words   |  7 Pagesso many aspects whether its trauma, substance, abuse or marital counseling. It doesn’t matter if it’s for adolescents in the family or adults. It’s important that a clinician is knowledgeable about family therapy and the best approaches to assist the family in becoming functional. Keywords: Family therapy; adolescents; substance abuse Introduction The clinician interviewed is Sara Gavin, Director of Behavioral Health of CommuniCare Health Centers of Yolo County. They provide servicesRead MoreSubstance Abuse Treatment For Adolescents Essay832 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Including families in the treatment of substance use in adolescents has been a debate for several years in the addictions world. Some claim that involving families may hinder the client’s ability to improve due to not being honest, fear, and the lack of relationship one may have with their family members, specifically parental figures. Adolescents may not be honest with themselves or family members due to fear of disappointing or fear of punishment. Many providers and policy-makersRead MoreDrug And Alcohol Abuse Has Been Rife1400 Words   |  6 PagesFor decades, drug and alcohol abuse has been rife. They are a huge problem in our society. Not only has the drug problem increased, but many drug related problems are rising as well. Men, women, and children are becoming addicted to illicit substances because they are too available to them. Billions of dollars are spent to aid the prevention of drug abuse, to treat addicts, and to fight the war on drugs. This is a very combative problem, the more it’s fought, the more it fights back. Drugs and alcoholRead MoreA Society Without Drugs1263 Words   |  6 Pageslevel of illegal drug use in the world. As per the World Health Organization s survey of legal and illegal drug use in 17 countries, U.S report the highest level of drug usage (CBS news). The second-most abused category of drugs after marijuana among young people is the usage of prescription drugs (CBS news). Prescription drug abuse is the Nation s fastest-growing drug problem, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has classified prescription drug abuse as an epidemic. Misuse of prescriptionRead MorePsychological Impact On Substance Abuse Prevention1164 Words   |  5 PagesPsychological Impact According to Federal Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, women are the fastest-growing segment for substance abuse in the United States. About 2.7 million women in the United States abuse drugs or alcohol. Women typically enter rehab sooner than men, but they have more psychological distress, and are more likely to suffer from a mood or anxiety disorder (Liff, 2012). Most research on gender-based differences in addiction treatment has focused on organizational issues (suchRead MoreIs There Anybody Out There?. Maia Szalavitz, Author Of1484 Words   |  6 PagesUnbroken Brain, points out in an article about our finger-pointing mentality on drug abuse, â€Å"Addiction is one of the most serious health problems we face today, and as of 2010, more than 23 million people have an addiction to drugs, and according to the National Institutes of Health, these addictions contribute to more than 100,000 deaths per year.† Drug abuse is a major problem in the United States and through out the world as more and more people become addicted every day. When you hear the words drugRead MorePtsd Essay1415 Words   |  6 PagesEffective Ways to Combat PTSD from Sexual Abuse People who experience PTSD experience â€Å"a whole-body tragedy, an integral human event of enormous proportions with massive repercussions.† (Banitt). PTSD is a common mental disorder that over 7.8 percent of Americans will experience (NDVA). Traumatic stress, such as war, sexual abuse or assault, gang violence, etc. can cause PTSD. There are a few known ways that can help treat and prevent this disorder, but more research can help develop these methods

I Have An Adequate Amount Of Maths Skills - 875 Words

I believe I have an adequate amount of maths skills and understandings that will be expanded on and improved throughout the course of this unit, to assist in everyday life, and to be able to teach it to primary school aged children. I have learnt all the basics of maths and can retract most from my memory when I need to, which is evident in the Maths Competency Test (MCT) score. I have the basic addition, subtraction, multiplication and division skills which do help me with percentages, averages and general everyday maths. The highest level of maths I completed was Unit 3AB in year 12 in 2014, and so I feel as though I knew most of the content we had covered that was outlined in the Unit 3AB Mathematics (A.J. Sadler, 2008) book, which realistically was two levels higher than the Year 9/10 questions we were given. My feelings and beliefs towards and about maths were certainly impacted by my experiences during my time at school. In my last year of schooling I did not enjoy my maths class, which overall came down to the teacher and her style of teaching, which made me look and feel negatively towards maths. In saying this though, throughout school I was always good at maths and enjoyed it. Hence my feelings towards primary school and ‘simple’ maths compared to high school maths. In saying this though, I do enjoy maths most of the time, but just with anything if it gets too hard and you aren’t being taught properly you start to not enjoy it which was the case with me. TheShow MoreRelatedHow Sleep Is Needed For Optimum Performance1352 Words   |  6 Pagesmy high school career, and as I walked the graduation line, two things kept ringing in my head, â€Å"No more waking at 5:00am, and I no longer have to catch the bus at 6:17am,† which made me really happy. Imagine how many high school students across the United States feel the same after high school or during twelfth grade. Over the years, early school start times has been attributed to some of the reasons why students have been unable to perform well because they have been deprived of sleep. Sleep isRead MoreHomeschooling Is Becoming A Fast Growing Educational Trend1691 Words   |  7 PagesKreager) Parents have not always had a constitutional right to homeschool their children. It was not until the middle of the nineteenth century that homeschooling was legal. Even then there was a lot of consiversiry over the laws homeschoolers and their parents should have to abide by. In 2014 a dear friend of mine named Sally was faced with the realization that she had been woefully undereducated. She had been homeschooled since she was little and at the age of 16 still did not have the educationalRead MoreThe Social Premises Causing Gender Gap Within Maths And Science Involvement1329 Words   |  6 Pages Technology, Engineering and Math) University graduates are men. Among STEM graduates aged 25 to 34, women represented 23% of graduates from engineering and 30% of graduates from mathematics and computer science programs. (Gender differences in science, technology, engineering, mathematics and computer science (STEM) programs at university, n.d.). This research paper is going to focus on the studies investigating the social premises causing the gender gap in maths and science involvement. DifferenceRead MoreTeacher Shortages - Teacher Shortage Essay1666 Words   |  7 PagesAlabama there are subject-specific teacher shortages, especially in the area of secondar y mathematics. As I travel from school to school, I have found that many of the middle and high schools I visit have unfilled mathematics positions. Many of these schools are in economically disadvantaged areas of the state, but the teacher shortage issue is not isolated to a particular area or demographic. I have found classrooms staffed by long-term substitutes in wealthy systems, poor systems, systems in North AlabamaRead MoreGlobal Opportunities For Education Via Online Learning Essay1026 Words   |  5 PagesVocabulary words. I did not find any words in the reading I was unfamiliar with, so I used Dictionary.com’s â€Å"Word of the Day† feature. For these definitions I used the website Dictionary.com (n.d.). published by Dictionary.com, LLC, located at www.dictionary.com. Eristic: a person who engages in the act of disputing or debating. Bon mot: a witty remark or comment; clever saying; witticism. Mot juste: the exact, appropriate word Education One area of technological advancement that is moving us towardRead MorePersonal Essay: My History with English1057 Words   |  5 PagesZane Davis I am a 23 year old who is going back to school for my first time in 7 years. English is one of the courses I signed up for, not only because it is a requirement, but I see it as a necessity. For me to be successful in college and whatever career I choose, I believe adequate reading and writing skills is important. My history with reading and writing has definitely had its ups and downs throughout my life. I learned to read and write at a young age. There are a lot of people inRead MoreCareer And College Research Paper1348 Words   |  6 Pageshuman life (What Is Chemical Engineering?). I have chosen chemical engineering as my future career because the way things are made has always intrigued me. I yearn to comprehend the finite structure of the products we use in our day to day lives. Of course, knowing the career I would like to study is not enough. I must understand what type of schooling and skills will be required, the income and future of this career, along with the experience and attitude I will need to succeed in this field. ChemicalRead MoreImplementation Of Three Key Work Processes1632 Words   |  7 Pages. Implementation I am going to address the implementation of three key work processes at our educational institution. The first work process implemented at our educational institution is how our community transformation teams (CTT) function to ensure student success for all students. Each educator is assigned to a CTT at the beginning of the school year. Each week throughout the school year on Tuesday mornings, the community transformation teams meet and analyze student data on classroom assessmentsRead MoreChildren Of A Child s Life1630 Words   |  7 PagesInfluence Learning the Most The human brain is most vulnerable to change throughout the early years of a person’s life due to its development. The people that enter a child’s life can alter their attitude and their effort later on. Most importantly, the skills that they are taught can stick with them until the day they die. Most people in a child’s life affect them in some miniscule way and although children never realize it, some people are more crucial to their success than others. Children engage inRead MoreStandardized Testing Is Not Beneficial1702 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom 18th in the world in math in 2000 to 31st in 2009 (Standardized). Standardized testing is not beneficial overall because it does not cater to all students, they do not cover real-life topics, and they are detrimental to students. Standardized tests do not cover real-life topics. Standardized tests are less educational than parents think. States make schools take these tests in-order to get more funding and to see how the teachers are performing. These tests have many effects on the students

Branches of Government free essay sample

The US Constitution was created by our Founding Forefathers to be the supreme law of the United States of America. The Constitution outlines organization of the government, the relationship that the federal government has with the states, and rights of the citizens. It is vitally important to discuss why the three branches of government were created in the Constitution, each branch of government’s power, obstacles that the division of power created, and the conflict between federal versus state power, in order to understand how the power and structure of our government impacted the formation of our country today. Philosophers and the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Branches In 1787, America’s forefathers came together to create the most important document in history, our Constitution. Some of the Framers goals in the Constitution were to establish a government strong enough to meet the nation’s needs, to establish a government that would not threaten the existence of separate states or the liberty of the nation, and to establish a government based on popular consent (Patterson, 2009, pg. 38). There were many philosophers with different philosophies on how a government should be structured and they inputted those philosophies into the Constitution. There are five main philosophers that have impacted the government’s structure and their impact has created a balanced government. These philosophers who heavily influenced the structure of the Constitution are Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Baron De Montesquieu, and Voltaire. During the period of Enlightenment, intellects spent their time trying to inject science, logic, and human characteristics into how the people would best be served (Gahr, 2011). Thomas Hobbes wrote Leviathan (1651), which outlines a social contract of appropriate behaviors and expectations of a government and its people. John Locke wrote Two Treatises on Government (1690) outlining natural rights of life, liberty, and property. Voltaire wrote of freedom of religion, free speech and tolerance. Jean-Jacques Rousseau wrote The Social Contract (1762) where he outlines that free individuals who create a government that responds to the people’s will, is the only legitimate way to earn the consent of the people to be governed (The Enlightenment and Democratic Revolutions, 2011). The Philosopher who made a huge influence in the formation or structure of our Constitution is Baron De Montesquieu. Montesquieu published The Spirit of the Law (1748) stating that the best way to safeguard liberty is by a separation of powers, which he suggested an outline that divided the government into three separate branches (The Enlightenment and Democratic Revolutions, 2011). These philosophies significantly structured our Constitution into a more organized government. The influence these philosophers had on the Founding Fathers is the framework of the United States Government, and outlined in the first three articles of the Constitution. Article I establishes the powers and limitations of the Legislative Branch of Congress, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate. The number of House representatives is in ratio to population of the states and the Senate consists of two representatives from each state. Article II establishes the powers and limitations of the President. Article III establishes the powers and limitations of the judicial branch, which is made up of The Supreme Court and lower courts as created by Congress (The United States Constitution, 2011). In the creation of these three, separate, and distinctive powers, our Founding Fathers were making sure no branch of government could overpower the other. Three branches of government form a system of checks and balances and they were not designed to be equal. The legislative branch has the highest amount of power, followed by the executive and judicial branches. Each branch does have some interaction to balance out the other. The executive branch has veto power over the legislation and judicial power to offer a presidential pardon. The legislature can override a veto from the executive office by two-thirds majority. The judicial branch can overturn laws passed by either the legislative or the executive branch if they are found to be unconstitutional (Gahr, 2011). Our forefathers created these different branches of government to have structure, organization, and equality within our country. Obstacles There are many obstacles that the division of power presents in the attempt to pass a bill or a law. Each branch of government with their different powers must stay within their constitutional jurisdiction. The legislature is set to be bicameral, so that two bodies were working toward the good of the people. At times, both houses would work on the same law. Today, party lines drive companion bills in both the House and Senate. The division creates obstacles preventing legislation that would be good for the welfare of the people (ushistory. org, 2008-2012). The political climate the American people currently deal with is one full of self-interest. Representatives are unwilling to operate against their peers, party, and biggest contributors. Politicians are often too concerned with re-election to sacrifice their careers by doing what is in the best interest of the people. An example of this behavior is the ongoing West Virginia fight against the coal companies. In an October 2008 pole, 79% of people surveyed do not want the mountaintop removal coal mining. Thanks to President Bush and his â€Å"midnight regulations,† it not only continues the mining of mountaintop removal for coal but also makes it easier for companies to dump debris into valleys and streams (TheGuardian/The Observer, 2008) Conflict At the time the Constitution was written there was conflict between the Federalists who wanted large powerful governments and the Anti-Federalist who thinks power should remain largely within the states who knew their residents best (Patterson, 2011, pg. 64). With the help of writers like James Madison, who wrote The Federalist Papers to help voice the understanding of a democracy versus a republic and why the Constitution was best for the United States, the Constitution was ratified and a balance of power was created. With the ratification of the Constitution over 200 years ago, we still have individuals who want to see smaller federal government and more control within state government. Political party viewpoints on this issue are apparent. Many Republicans believe allowing states to make decisions separately gives each the right to define what is morally and financially best for their citizens. Many Democrats believe allowing states to make those determinations limits the rights and freedoms of citizens in those states. Some issues currently argued to be kept in state and from the federal government involvement are: health care reform, gay rights, national education standards, unemployment stimulus, and immigration. Conclusion The Constitution is a living document. A guide to allow the citizens of the United States of America to govern themselves, establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility, have a common defense, a general welfare, and to form a more perfect Union than under monarchy. The Founding Fathers used resources of philosophers to understand the human condition, and appealed to the citizens with help of prolific writers and minds of the day to educate them. As a living document, the interpretations differ as new issues arise and new amendments are added, as needed. The original debate of federal versus state power is still alive and examined for balance of power. The government introduced thousands of laws and changes for the United States unlike any other democratic republic.

Poisonwood Bible free essay sample

Adahs Development In Barbara Kingsolvers novel The Poisonwood Bible, the Price family, Nathan and Orleanna Price and their four daughters, travel to the Congo to convert the locals to Christianity. Kingsolver constructs a multi-voice narrative and in doing so Kingsolver constructs five different personalities: Orleanna Price, Rachel Price, Leah Price, Adah Price, and Ruth May Price. As the novel progresses, each of the characters experiences a dramatic change throughout the book and through the use of textual evidence and deep analysis of the diction and rhetoric used for the character Adah Price; leading us to discover how she transforms in the novel and what this variation is exactly. Adah, who is a cripple since birth, has never been able to move the left side of her body and is psychologically a mute. This enables her to see the world from a different perspective and strangely views things backwards. She believes that her life has no value to her or anyone else. We will write a custom essay sample on Poisonwood Bible or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Adah has a twin sister Leah who is perfectly normal and Adah carries a lot of hatred toward Leah because its her fault that she is handicapped. Oh, I can easily imagine the fetal mishap: we were inside he womb together dum-de-dum when Leah suddenly turned and declared, Adah you are Just too slow. I am taking all the nourishment here and going on ahead. She grew strong as I grew weak. And so it came to pass was cannibalized by my sister (Kingsolver 34). This view held by Adah comes into play many times in the novel and even Leah can tell that here is some hostility between them. Young Adah also has this fascinating plan. She is believed to be mute because of what doctors had told her parents, but in fact she is very intelligent and she insists on not talking in order to simplify her life and act more as an observer rather than a doer. Her naturally detail-oriented nature is well illustrated by the diction and tone she uses. the women working their field will stand up one after another, unwrap the pagne of bright cloth stretch it out wide before retying it. They resemble flocks of butterflies opening and closing their wings (Kingsolver 137). The initial observation of the way these women work the field is unlike the other girls who merely comment that the women pound the manioc. Adah observes and analyzes the women in a factual manner and yet that last sentence reveals more about her character. She oes from making a remark that almost scientifically evaluates the womens movements to making a statement that brings an artistic form of examining the actions and uses powerful imagery for the reader to associate with. However, Adah does not stay like this throughout the whole novel. She experiences an event that shifts her character in such a way that although it does not have an immediate impact, it changes her completely in the long run. Live was I ere I saw evil (Kingsolver 305). On the frightful night when Kilanga, the village were the Price family was living, was swarmed by a massive group of ants known as Nsongonya Adah was left behind. She woke to the sound of screams and felt ants all over her. Her mother ran into the room, baby Ruth May bundled in her arms. Adah, for the first time perhaps pleaded for help. Help me (Kingsolver 305). Orleanna stared at her crippled daughter and turned away. This was a huge turning point for the young girl. In the simple plea alone, the way Kingsolver phrased it l [Adan] spoke out loud, tn only time: help me (Kingsolver 305), one could see that this was a simple phrase; not shouted or screamed, simply stated. When Adahs plea was not answered she was left dumbstruck and proceeded to fght for her life. Although Adah originally believed that everyone found her life to be of no value she was still horror struck when her mother did not come to her aid, but she still decided to save herself because she realized her own self-worth. No longer was she an idle observer, she became a doer. If her mother would not save her, then Adah would do it on her own because she knew her life was worth saving. This fateful night carries on into the rest of her days, perhaps not immediately, but it does affect her character in the end. When Adah finally returns to the US with her mother, Orleanna, she has almost completely ndergone her transformation. The Journey from Africa alone had left a great mark on Adah because of her mothers tenacity to bring her daughter home safe and sound. Adah was astounded by her mothers ferocious protection of her. When they finally do get home however, Adah immediately applies to Emory University and studies the medical sciences which she takes up as her religion. However, much has changed. Adah finds that without anyone to speak for her she must get used to speaking rather than observing and is shocked at first by the sound of her voice, but this is not the greatest change. The most dramatic alteration is one that she only picks up on for a moment in the final part. She states that she has always sacrificed life and limb and half a brain to save the other half (Kingsolver 410). Adah finds it unusual to now owe her mother something when her own life has been a constant struggle. My habit is to drag myself imperiously through a world that owes me unpayable debts. I have long relied on the comforts of martyrdom (Kingsolver 410). The very tone of this phrase represents beautifully the realization that has struck Adah like a lightning bolt in this moment. The word imperiously gives the reader perfect imagery of a disgruntled and displeased Adah who hates the world and yet that second sentence reveals something else. She has come to know what it feels like to owe someone an unpayable debt and that her whole life has been driven from this one disability. The words comfort and martyrdom are so opposite that they balance out the sentence and give the reader an understanding of how Adah felt about her handicap. What is even greater is the physical transformation that follows this mental one. Adah meets a neurologist who informs her that he can help er overcome her limp. This intrigues her and after several months Adah no longer has to bear her physical disability. She is at first amazed that this cross she has born all these years could somehow be taken care of like that. However, as she progresses through the novel she finds that this recovery is balanced out by the inability to see words and phrases backwards and in a completely different perspective like she used too. At times she limps purposefully around [her] apartment trying to recover [her] old ways of seeing and thinking (Kingsolver 492). This sentence shows ow she still longs for the days when she was different and had something to wield against the world. The imagery provided allows the reader to vividly imagine Adah trying with all her might to limp and be as she once was, but away from the public eye. She continues to live as the recovered individual that she is now and only seems to regret the loss of an edge that she once held. Adahs transformation in the novel was one ot a seemingly helpless child into a tully tunctioning adult who nad experienced things that no one in her community could top. She realized a self worth that she did not possess at the beginning of the novel. Adah Price was a cripple. Adah Price is a cripple. The genius girl that went to the Congo is not the same one that returned and lived the rest of her life in the US. She no longer has a physical handicap that got her mocked and looked down upon, but she does not have that special outlook on the world either. Adah now knows people whom she can work with and share time with because she will talk now, but she owes her mother an unsettled debt, that may never be resolved in her heart and mind. Adah has changed for better or worse is uncertain. In the end experiences add up and the results always balance each other out. Poisonwood Bible free essay sample She learned that her husband, Nathan Price, was in fact a cruel and wicked man who gave little care about his wife and daughter’s well being. She was forced to grow a backbone and eventually speak up and stand up to him, eventually taking it upon herself to find a way to bring her and her beloved children back home. The Congo has been her worst nightmare with her children like Ruth May falling extremely ill and she fears for the safety of her children. Her motherly instincts in turn overcome her submissiveness to her husband and this is a huge change because the real Orleanna Price has taken charge and won’t bow down to any man any longer. Although the many years spent living in the Congo in order to educate the people who live there were mostly an unwanted and unpleasant experience, it was also very enlightening. We will write a custom essay sample on Poisonwood Bible or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In hindsight, the people of the Congo taught the Price women more than they taught them. Adah Price saw how beautiful the environment was, whether it came to the people who lived there and how they coincided with the beautiful Congo, or just the sheer willpower of the people who lived there. She was amazed and fascinated by all of this and learned that there was more to life than just material possessions unlike Rachel. It was as if the Congo and its people lifted her handicaps and let her view the world as it should be viewed, uninhibited and absolutely stunning.

Subliminal messages in disney Essays

Subliminal messages in disney Essays Subliminal messages in disney Paper Subliminal messages in disney Paper Disney has been one of the major companies in which certain conspiracy theories pop up around again and again. In this particular case we are examining specifically the conspiracy of an image of a palace spire in the shape of a penis on the cover of, The Little Mermaid video cassette box art. Look closely, you can spot the golden palace and its prize almost immediately toward the center of the box, and a little bit up. There are at least two ways to examine this situation. The first outlook is deny the penis on the golden palace. It could be our brains interpreting shapes, and we just think that a penis was put on the box art. We the consumer are possibly making up this connection. The other outlook is to accept that someway and somehow, someone put the penis deliberately on the box art. If indeed the penis really was put there by Disney, it was either a little Joke from an internal Disney artist employee, or someone else at Disney implemented it.. This is quite possibly a prime example on how Disney has used subtle sexual appeal to sell products to either the parents of he the children who watch this kind of material or the kids in order to arouse them into buying their stuff. Usually Disney is known to create and recreate innocent childhood fairy tales, aimed specifically for young children and also the entire family. The Little Mermaid is partially based on Greek and Roman mythology with King Neptune, the god of the sea and her daughter Ariel, a mermaid or water sprite. Older myths and stories were full of sexual themes, but this version is supposed to be child friendly. That is why it would be unusual for Disney to openly admit to any sexual homes in their media. The penis on the tower is centered between and slightly above the main cast characters. I think if you have a wild imagination you can make sense of why the penis is supposedly golden and put between the movie couple. Perhaps King Neptune presence right by the penis tower is to give consumers the subconscious idea that Daddy who in this movie also happens to be a god, is okay with her baby girl receiving the golden (prized) pens. In a similar comparison Ursula could be seen or compared as an evil stepson who is trying to keep the main harassers from having sex, having a family, basically being happy. She is an octopus, so maybe that also implies that she sucks or is a lame person. One of the first items I noticed when I first saw this picture was the golden tower, with the penis included. The palace penis spire is the most eye catching aspect of the entire image and certainly the first thing I locked my eyes and stared at. I can surely say its huge, and definitely noticeable. Its super shiny and golden and those qualities will draw me to look at it first, especially against the blue ocean backdrop. Also it is towards the center and I am inclined to look in the center and upwards first when I see any visual media.. The text and the image works and fits together as if made by a master artist. The vs. box is not too cluttered, the images and the text fit together in a seemingly perfect fit. The visual design makes almost too much sense in terms of logic and reason. It is very emotion inducing, and erotic. Its also funny, because you would not think Disney to be like this, yet here they are. According to Snoops, when this image darted becoming a famous, Disney airbrushed the penis out of future Bogart, to protect their reputation. It is my conjecture that the penis was chosen for that very Ariel. The penis also used to be an object of power and worship in the ancient world, and would not necessarily be out of place for a story based on ancient ideas. Have you ever seen the painting Venus of Wildflower? The Goddess Venus supposedly spawned from the foamy sperm of yet another god cast into the ocean. Even the blue colored cover title I believe is intentioned to complement the shiny golden penis lace through color contrasting. I had originally heard of this rumor as one of those urban myths about subliminal messaging, but since I had seen the pictures before, I knew that more investigation was needed. I was more inclined to believe that this was true from the start because I had seen other supposed subliminal references that Disney was accused of. According to Snoops, an urban myth debunker website claimed this to be a made up scenario. Snoops says on their website; Rumors started circulating shortly after the release of the videocassette edition of The Little Mermaid that the phallic object had been deliberately drawn as a last act of defiance by the disgruntled Disney artist who was miffed at being notified that he would be laid off at the conclusion of the project. The plain truth is that the resemblance between the castle spire and a penis was purely accidental, and it was drawn by an artist who was neither disgruntled nor about to be dismissed. First of all, the artist who created the video cover art did not work for Disney itself, thus he was neither disgruntled with Disney nor about to be fired. We questioned the artist, who also drew artwork for Little Mermaid theatrical advertising, pop-ups, greeting cards, Happy Meal boxes, and CDC. The theatrical posters were done before the original release of the film, but the video cover art was not created until a few months before the home video version hit the market. Rushed to complete the video artwork (featuring towers that were rather phallic to begin with), the artist hurried through the background detail (at about four in the morning) and inadvertently ere one spire that bore a rather close resemblance to a penis. The artist himself didnt notice the resemblance until a member of his youth church group heard about the controversy on talk radio and called him at his studio with the news. The later lacerates version of the film was issued with a cover containing an altered version of the infamous spire. (Snoops) A major website like Snoop says, no this subliminal message was not real, but I now believe that since it has became so famous that it has taken on a reality of its own. In closure, when people look at art and media of their favorite movies like The Little Mermaid, perhaps they may have been affected by subliminal messages and maybe didnt even realize it. The penis on the palace in The Little Mermaid is a great example of subliminal subconscious messages. Sex really does sell and maybe even Disney is using our own natural urges to make some money. A major question is, was the subliminal message real or was it all in my head? Next time you are picking up a form of media, examine it more closely, who knows what you may actually find.

The last Days of Socrates by Plato

The last Days of Socrates by Plato Written by Plato, the book â€Å"The last days of Socrates† narrates the events following the trial of Socrates. It is a follow up of Plato’s ‘The Apology’ and provides a description of the conversations between Socrates, and his disciples, Crito and the jailer.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on â€Å"The last Days of Socrates† by Plato specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Plato, the author of the book, was one of Socrates’ best friends and students. Plato’s other works ‘The Apology’, ‘Euthyphro’, ‘Crito’ and ‘Phaedo’ depict the philosophical views of Socrates, especially before the trial, during the trial and after death. In this book, however, Plato concentrates on Socrates’ view of life and death, society and family. In addition, it provides the reader with information about the ancient Greek culture and beliefs. Hugh Tredennick and Harold Tarrant translated the book into English. Published by Penguin Books in England, the English version was released in 1993. In this book, Plato’s main character is Socrates. As Socrates waits for his death, he talks to his students such as Plato as well as Crito, an elderly man who had been Socrates’ friend throughout his philosophical career. The conversations reveal Socrates’ thinking about life and death. In addition, they reveal his thinking about the society, family and humanity. Arguably, Socrates believes in a better life after death, which he thinks is a solution to the social and family problems he undergoes during his life on earth. Socrates view of family and children is depicted in his conversation with Crito. The conversation is in an Agoran prison room, where Socrates is held before execution. He is waiting orders from the jailer, and several people, including Crito, have come to visit and bid him farewell. Despi te the normal philosophical conversation, there is a sad mood in the room because his friends cannot believe that their teacher is on his way towards death. Nevertheless, Socrates does not show signs of fear or remorse.Advertising Looking for critical writing on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Aspects of the family are portrayed when Crito asks Socrates to let them know what they should do to his children and family after his dead. However, Socrates tells them that they should not do anything to the family, but they should look after themselves instead. According to Socrates, this is the best way of honoring him after his death. It appears that Socrates values individuals than the family. He thinks that his wife and children have a life to live and should work to support themselves. The reader would expect Socrates to give Crito and other friends in the room some instructions on how to treat his family, c onsidering that he had two small sons and an older one. However, he tells his friends to â€Å"make professions† according to his teachings. Nevertheless, Socrates valued his family, as did other people in the Greek society. For example, his three sons, wife and other women from his larger family were brought to the prison cell to see him before his death. He appreciated them and gave them some instructions in the presence of Crito, but the author does not disclose the instructions. Nevertheless, it is clear that Socrates wanted them to live by themselves. In addition, he did not want his family to endure the pain of witnessing his death. Therefore, he dismisses all the members of his family, including his wife and three sons. He was aware that they would offend him by mourning his death. For instance, after taking the poison, Socrates becomes irritated by his followers because they started weeping. He asks them â€Å"what is the strange outcry?† (Tredennick and Tarran t 32). He tells them that he had dismissed his family, especially women, because they would offend him rather than let him die in peace. The social aspect of Greek life, as well as Socrates’ view of social life, is depicted in the book. For instance, Socrates believes that the social life in Greece is full of desperations and that there is no happiness. He believes that death is a sure way of getting a better life.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on â€Å"The last Days of Socrates† by Plato specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For instance, when Crito asks him how they should bury his body after death, he told them to treat the body in any way they would like. According to him, they will only be burying the body and not the soul. He tells Crito that his soul will leave the world and join the next world that has â€Å"the joys of the blessed† (Tredennick and Tarrant 26). This is an indication that he views life as full of sadness and not worth. Socrates also views social life as the poison to the soul. He believes that the soul is naturally pure, but falsehood infect it with evil. For instance, he tells Crito not to consider how they should treat the body, but concentrate on the belief that his soul will remain alive in the next world. He believes that Crito would be telling lies if he promised to treat Socrates’ body in a decent manner, yet he was aware that he was only dealing with the body and not the person himself. Perhaps one of the evils of social life that Socrates refers to is the cruelty of gaining wealth. While other people were busy accumulating wealth, Socrates had been busy teaching philosophy. In fact, the book depicts the possibility that he died before clearing his debts. For instance, when the impact of the poison was almost reaching his heart, he realized that he was about to die. Therefore, he requests Crito to pay a cock to Asclepius. Evident ly, this is one example of the debts Socrates left behind. Therefore, it is quite evident that Socrates view of life was negative as indicated in the book. It reflects his view of family and social life and the belief in a better life after death.Advertising Looking for critical writing on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Tredennick, Hugh and Harold Tarrant. The last days of Socrates. London, UK: Penguin Books, 1993. Print.

Promotion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Promotion - Research Paper Example Promotion is inclusive in marketing and is believed to play the part of a marketing investment that is excessively essential in businesses (Gordob, 2010). Over the years, phone manufacturers have had to deal with wireless carriers so that they can have adequate access to their networks. This is the reason most phone companies have their prices dictated by the same carriers mentioned above. High pricing caused people to find other services that can be used in place of the phones. As the struggle went on, different manufacturers have used the technological ideas currently flooding the markets and have come up with the models that have been used to end the struggle. According to latest statistics, world mobile users have greatly increased such that they have surpassed internet users. It has been stipulated that more than forty five million people use smartphones. The fact that almost everyone owns a phone can be attributed to the high quality advertising strategies in the present world (Newton, 2009). This increase in the numbers of the mobile users can only offer promoters hope that the market will soon become phenomenal. In the act of promoting mobile phones, it is essential to understand that most people typically are attached to them. For this reason, the more features a mobile phone offers the better and the more its promotion will result to the company’s prospected success. Most companies seem to have conducted enough research on characterized customer satisfaction, customer research, and products use, but seem to have forgotten to question directly from the customer of their expectations. The promoters need to realize that their aim is to satisfy the needs of their customers as they make extremely large amounts of money. In my opinion, the customers’ demands have not yet been reached despite having new models of phones in the market (Saulimen, 2011). This is because most people

Argumentative - Stereotyping Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Argumentative - Stereotyping - Essay Example Further, with the advancement in technology, the pregnancy is notably expensive to â€Å"maintain†. It becomes difficulty to afford to term the pregnancy until delivery, or it becomes hard to bear to give away the child due to the motherly attachment. Unplanned pregnancies can prove stressful for women and whether or not to have right to abort remains a controversial topic. Critics believe abortion is not a subject of discussion because according to them, it is not only wrong but also a crime (Boonin 5). They say aborting or killing a fetus is terminating a human’s life. However, it is realistic for women to abort due to various reasons. Due to the several instances leading to pregnancy, it is arguable that abortion should be allowed. For instance, women have the right to exercise the will to make choices about their bodies (14). A woman has a right to abort if she is of tender age and cannot afford to raise the baby. A woman should also have the right abort in case the pregnancy exhibits negative health effects on either the expectant or the offspring. It is a woman’s right to decide on what to do with her own body as having control over it is as vital as any other human right. Women rights activists argue that, all women have the right to whatever they please with their bodies without anyone’s interference. In addition, a woman should have the right to abort if she is of a tender age and in no position to bring up the baby. Sometimes, medical practitioners do not suggest abortion to girls under the age of sixteen as they may lose the ability to have children in the future. Nevertheless, unplanned pregnancies can exert too much trauma on women (18). Therefore, if they cannot properly give the child a normal life it is reasonable for them to flash the child. This could prove important for a mother’s life and her future especially if the mother is still in school. There are

Back in Shakespeare Essay Example for Free

Back in Shakespeare Essay Back in Shakespeares days courtly love was a fashionable tradition. What happened was the men saw the women as Goddesses but their love was more often unrequited. But the men would send them love letters in the form of sonnets in order to win the womans love, however it usually failed leaving the man feeling melancholic. This is the position Romeo found himself in as he was in love with a girl called Rosaline. Montague and Benvolio notice a change in Romeos behaviour due to this and Montague explains how he shuts up his windows and locks fair daylight out this shows that Romeo attempts to isolate himself from the outside world and really is depressed. As Romeo enters the scene the audience can see for themselves his state of mind during his conversation with Benvolio. His replies to Benvolios comments are short and subdued and he explains, sad hours seem long. We can work out from this that Romeo is not having a good time so our sympathy wins him over and we hope for his luck to change. As we move onto scene 2, we meet Paris, who is a man hoping to marry Juliet and is trying to convince Capulet to allow him to, however Capulet seems to think Juliet is too young for marriage as She hath not seen the change of fourteen years. The possible marriage between Paris and Juliet is exciting for the audience yet it is an obstacle between the forthcoming relationship between Romeo and Juliet. The scene then cuts back to Romeo and his problems with courtly love. Benvolio who is aware of Romeos problem tries to be a useful friend by giving him advice. His advice is one fire burns out anothers burning, this is a metaphorical way of putting; you should find someone else and forget about Rosaline. Then as Clown from the Capulet family is struggling to read a party invitation he asks Romeo and Benvolio to read the list out for him. Romeo notices that Rosalies name is on this list and the pair therefore decide to find a way of going to the masqued ball to give Romeo a chance of fore filling his dream of meeting Rosaline. The fact its a masqued ball means they can get in whilst in disguise and probably get away with it and this thought enters Benvolios head. In scene 3 we meet the Nurse. A nurse is the Elizabethan equivalent to a child minder, however in these days they were hired out commonly by wealthy upper class families and were pretty much part of the family, they would raise the children and even breast feed them when they are babies. This particular Nurse raised Juliet and the two of them are very close. She is a bubbly character who often tells sexual jokes or sexual innuendos and tells Juliet stories about when she was younger usually embarrassing her. From seeing the play myself I remember the nurse being an entertaining character and was an audience favourite which was most noticeable by the applause she got at the end. Her sexual humour is shown where she says, dost thou fall upon thy face? Thou wilt fall backward when thou hast more wit, wilt thou not, Jule? This is a crude joke of falling onto her back for sex and most fourteen year olds would find an adult talking to them like this terribly embarrassing yet the audience find it comical and entertaining. Soon after; Juliet discovers Pariss desire to marry her and to the nurses delight Juliet replies It is an honour that I dream not of. Again the audience are excited by what is now a probable marriage yet it also questions the possibility of Romeo and Juliet getting together. Whilst on their way to the Capulet masqued ball Romeo predicts the future when saying for my mind misgreaves some consequence, yet hanging in the stars, similarly to what it says in the prologue; Romeo is saying he fears an unfortunate accident. The audience therefore semi-expect this to ironically happen. This is meant to create tension especially when he says about an untimely death, which along with the prologue suggests young death. Scene 5 is set in the Capulet household as it is the location of their masqued ball. A masqued ball was a fashionable party to have in Elizabethan times where everyone went disguised in a mask. It was the equivalent to what a fancy dress party is today and this is why the Montagues were able to get in with little suspicion from the Capulets. Partys are always a popularity and so Shakespeare made this scene a key one in the play for the entertainment of the audience. From what the audience have seen so far, Romeo is a melodramatic isolated character. He has won over our sympathy and as he is one of the main characters we all want to see things turn around for him. The reason Shakespeare presents him as a melancholic lover is to emphasise the artificial nature of his love for Rosaline in comparison to the genuine emotion he feels for Juliet. We witness the two types of love juxtaposed and recognise that his love for Juliet is positive, energising and less of a pose. But by presenting him in love with someone else initially, it creates romantic suspense for the audience. When Romeo first sees Juliet, it is described as love at first sight, this really helps to emphasise how he feels about her. From the audiences point of view, Romeo appears to be shocked by how much Juliet stands out by the way he says O she doth teach torches to burn bright, the reason he says O at the start of his speech is purely to emphasise his emotion. The speech as a whole is a type of light imagery and explains how her beauty stands out so much to Romeo. He then goes on to say she hangs upon the cheek of night / As a rich jewel in an Ethiops ear, this is a metaphorical way of saying that she is beautiful, precious and rare to him as is Beauty too rich for use. These are both examples of wealth imagery. The majority of his speech in this part of the scene is imagery and metaphorical to help stress his feelings for Juliet, he also claims she Shows a snowy dove trooping with crows. This is in the category of bird and colour imagery and helps to stand out the point that she really does stand out from the crowd. As explained by courtly love, it was a common thing for men to respect women like they are goddesses, and Romeo uses this kind of holy imagery when he says touching hers, make blessed my rude hand. Overall the speech shows strong romantic interest due to how Romeo is so intense, passionate and genuine. This is one of the most loving parts of the story; however it is interrupted as the fiery character of Tybalt notices that a Montague is present. He clearly shows his anger by referring Romeo as a slave, which is saying that Romeo is like his inferior. As Capulet enters the scene; Tybalt threatens to strike him dead, however, Capulet bears in mind what the Prince said, in that any more fighting would mean their lives would pay the forfeit and as he wants no violence at the party, he aggressively prevents Tybalt from making any wrong moves. The hatred is then interrupted by the love of Romeo and Juliet as they meet and talk for the first time. Their conversation is set out in the style of a sonnet as of course; these were popular in the Elizabethan and Medieval times. It is very poetic, passionate and filled with religious imagery. The language is intense, memorable and uses rhyming couplets at the end of every other line to help it to sound better and stand out. Juliet is very responsive to Romeos requests and appears to want Romeo to kiss her, which was a rarity in the courtly love tradition. Romeo flirtatiously refers to Juliet as a Pilgrim; this shows how he respects her like a Goddess and this is the start of a large amount of religious imagery. In addition to that, Juliet answers back with her own religious metaphors like And palm to palm is holy palmers kiss this also contains some alliteration due to the repetitive use of words containing palm. The speech overall is a pattern of Romeo flirting to Juliet and Juliet flirting back, this keeps the flow of the conversation going and on a couple of occasions we witness a kiss. All this comes to a sudden end as the Nurse enters the scene and they discover each others identity. The nurse calls Juliet to go to her mother and when she is gone explains to Romeo Her mother is the lady of the house and of course Romeo realises this is the Capulet house. Benvolio calls Romeo away from the scene explaining The sport is at the best which informs that he knows the best part of the night is over and their identity has been discovered. This means that the Montagues have to make a swift exit effectively making Romeo and Juliets moment short with a sudden end. This leaves the nurse and Juliet alone together. Juliet finds out from the Nurse that Romeo is in fact a Montague and is clearly devastated by this when she says My grave is like to be my wedding bed and My only love sprung from my only hate. All the way throughout this scene; Shakespeare juxtaposes love and hate. The first sight of love is at Romeos first glimpse of Juliet and the whole love at first sight event, this is interrupted by Tybalt noticing Romeo and wanting to cause a violent act but he is stopped by Capulet. This allows Romeo and Juliet to have their first speech in the form of the love sonnet although when the two realise each others identity, the hate between the two families takes over leaving the audience wondering if the power of their love is strong enough to overcome the hate. In conclusion to the opening act of the play; Shakespeare creates many untied ends to the story. This makes the audience want to carry on watching to get an answer to their questions; questions such as will Tybalt fore fill his threat towards Romeo? Are Romeo and Juliet going to die and if so how? Will Paris marry Juliet? And will there be any more fighting? The only possible way for the audience to find an answer to these questions is to carry on watching the play. This was Shakespeares objective for the opening act and he has therefore successfully completed it.

Essay --

Essay - Clergy & Laity Katelyn R. Gonzalez, Student Christian Life, faith, and Ministry/108 Week-4 November 22, 2013 Hjamil A. Martà ­nez-Và ¡zquez, Ph.D. Essay - Clergy & Laity The word view salvation in relations to works, and believe that salvation from works is a misleading believe that have cost people their ticket to heaven. There had been numerous of people who have tried to explain the truth about salvation and works. However, they give up or distort the truth. Others have tried to unmask religious, cults, and sects. They have also failed for different reasons. Others have succeeded in explaining certain beliefs, based on their own understanding or the word of God. The few people who have fully succeeded have made history for their achievement. A known person who challenged the Catholic Church was Martin Luther, who was driven by fears of hell and God’s wrath that lead him to became a monk. The knowledge of salvation is not a subject to be determined. Salvation only has one way of process, but the scenarios of why people cry out to The Lord are numerou...

Malnutrition in Darfur Essay

Darfur is located in the Western part of Sudan and covers one fifth of the country being home to six million people. Darfur means house of fur and it is a historical region of Bilad al Sudan which is the Western part of Sudan. The northern part of Darfur is occupied by the Arabs while the main occupants of southern part are the white Arabs and Fur who are also regarded as the people of Darfur. Christianity period in Darfur lasted from around 900 to 1200. In the late 1980’s, ethnic tensions between the people of Darfur and nomadic Arabs and other agriculturalists began erupting into armed conflicts. These conflicts were very bloody and they continued up to 2003 after which the rebels from among the agriculturalists started attacking installations of the government. A peace treaty was signed in the year 2003 but this was not effective. The government of Sudan is seen to support these killings which become worse day after day. Janjaweed is the group that is terrorizing the people of Sudan and is said to be like a features of the mafia and the KKK in U. S. Janjaweed are racists and want to see the subjugation of the non Arabs in Sudan (Ubiera, 2010). Malnutrition refers to a condition which occurs when a person’s body is deprived of enough nutrients. It is brought about by an unbalanced diet, difficulties in digestion, problems of absorbing food or other medical conditions. Hunger, protein deficiency and overconsumption are the main causes of malnutrition. Malnourishment makes the body struggle to operate normally as such the ability to learn and physical work becomes difficult to undertake. In women and especially breastfeeding mothers, the prospect of producing breast milk that is nourished is very low (WFP, 2010). At present there are about 5 million people who are experiencing food insecurity in northern parts of Sudan, Darfur being among them. This is due to the conflicts going on in Darfur, poor 2009/2010 harvests, sky rocketing food prices and reduction in supply of grains. Levels of food insecurity are due to civil insecurities, limited access to cultivable land by the IDPs and poor rainfall, destruction of crops by animals, and pest infestation. Populations that are experiencing food insecurity are relying on aids from World Food Program (WFP) while others have developed coping strategies like sale of livestock, firewood and even grass so as to buy food in addition to income received from daily wage (USAID, 2010). By January 2010, research collected by UNICEF showed that there was an increase in all the three regions of Darfur with Northern Darfur being the worst hit into Outpatient Treatment Programme and Supplementary Feeding Centers. Global Outcome Malnutrition showed that it stood at over 15% in Darfur. It is estimated that there were about 3. 6 million beneficiaries of food with 30, 000MT. Consequence of the food insecurity; most of the individuals rely on donations from donors. If this help is not received, most of them end up starving. However, when it finally arrives it is limited in quantity and also quality hence its recipients cannot get all the required nutrients. Due to this there is malnutrition and more so in the camps where water is a problem too. Studies have shown that by January 2010, 80% of the total deaths since the fighting began are due to diseases and not violence. The findings showed that among the millions of people affected by the on going conflicts, most of them were still at risk of succumbing to malnutrition, waterborne diseases and diarrhea which has been rampant in the camps as the fighting continues. Displaced individuals are the most susceptible to this (AP, 2010). International interventions have been put in place so as to reduce the levels of inhumane actions in Darfur. Thousands of peacekeepers are in the region where there is collaboration of African Union-UN peace keeping and UNAMID. However, the intervention is said to have failed due to a number of factors. First, the government of Sudan is the main player of genocide. United Nations and as well as the International community has the commitment to respect the sovereignty of the national governments and so with this commitment and their need to maintain peace cannot afford them to enter into war with the government of Sudan. This means that attempts to stop war can only be successful if the government of Sudan is willing to cooperate but if it continues to keep conflicts alive and use racial hatred as a means to attack the marginalized communities, the interventions will be of little impact. Another reason is the lack of international community to make full commitments to bringing the war to a stop. The people around the world are unwilling to incur the costs of peace keeping unless there are some international strategic interests or economic benefits. The cost to human lives is not acceptable by most individuals for international conflicts which have no direct consequences to their own lives. Another reason is attributed to overall reluctance of countries, agencies or forces to do something which is related to war on terror being undertaken by US or any country. The last reason is the complexity of the problem itself. The Darfur war has significant social and political aspects. Hence the flaring up of the crisis in Darfur can only end when there is a long lasting balance of power between the two warring groups (Kumar, 2010). Even with the said failure by the humanitarian group to bring sanity into the region, their presence is still felt in Darfur. They nonetheless face many challenges but are daring enough to continue with their stay. Some of the problems are related to the government which makes it difficult for them to obtain travel visas and work permit. Bandits too attack them making it impossible for them to access the troubled areas but this has not deterred them. They try as much as possible to access the areas so as to help victims of crime and mostly the displaced people but mostly the vulnerable groups which comprise of children, women, the sick and the elderly. This shows the level of their commitment despite the reality of the failure of their efforts to bring peace in Darfur (USAID, 2010). The Sudan government and conflicts Sudan’s Liberation Army and Justice and Equality movement began attacking the government in the year 2003 by oppressing them for favoring Arabs over black Africans. Initially the conflicts were generally due to neglect by the government and lack of development in the black inhabited regions. Other supporting factors of the conflicts in Darfur are deemed to be complex and interwoven. Factors like, environmental degradation due to conflict over the access to the resources; famines in the past, neglect by the government hence lack of development characterized by poor health facilities, breakdown of the education sector and poorly developed economy; and constant interference by outsiders like British colonialists, Southern conflicts and expansion of Islamic religion. The Sudanese government responded by deploying troops to back the militias or the Janjaweed. This made the government to be accused of supporting crimes against humanity and hence perpetrating genocide. Entire communities lost their livelihood as most of their villages were burnt to the ground which forced individuals to flee from their homes. The most vulnerable groups in the underlying conditions are women and children. This is attributed to the violence in the camps for the internally displaced, and attacks on the civilians including sexual violence that is gender based and reduction in the level of water supplies (AMNESTY International, 2008). Humanitarian crisis resulted due to this mass displacement of the citizens. They included direct attacks to poor living conditions which were deteriorating day in day out. 300,000 people have lost their lives from the year 2003 to 2005 and it is during this period that George W. Bush declared the Darfur crisis as genocide. Despite the world’s outcry, the genocide continued as the number of those displaced and killed continued to increase. In 2006, the Sudanese government signed a peace treaty with one of the rebel movements but it continued to fight the other two groups which did not consent to signing the treaty. The rebel movements too started experiencing internal divisions orchestrated by political differences which led to fights leading to further complexity of the war and endangering lives of more civilians. Up to date fighting between the governments and rebel movements continues. Opportunistic bandits and militias have also taken advantage of this and it has affected the humanitarian aid and contributed to most the of gender based crimes. Despite this entire crisis, the Sudan government is seen to be on centre stage as President Bashir and his entire government is the one who created conducive environment for the fights due to their counterinsurgency campaigns through use of violence that target innocent civilians. Furthermore it has rendered peace keeping missions by the international community futile. All this makes the government to be accused of being the main player in the on going Darfur conflicts. The poor living conditions with no food or little food has led to malnutrition cases among those displaced. Further attacks made against the rescue teams have made it difficult for food to be availed to the needy persons in the camps hence cases of starvation due to limited or no food provision among the people together with lack of water are rampant (SaveDarfur, 2010). Geographic factor Darfur means the land of fur people. It was an independent sultanate from fourteenth century to 1917. It was absorbed into the British Empire after the World War 1. Under the rule of colonialists, development in the region was neglected. Before then, Darfur was provided with nothing apart from cattle and gum export support. Important facilities like maternity clinics were not available and at time of independence, Darfur had the lowest number of hospital beds (De Waal & Flint, 2005). Deliberate negligence of Darfur especially after falling in the hands of colonialists is the major reason behind the hostility. Another reason is that Darfur is somehow separated from Sudan by mountains and has therefore been regarded by some people as part of Chad. In the last three centuries, neighboring countries have been struggling to rile Darfur (Collins, 2006. In the pre-colonial era there was more development than there is today due to cooler climates and the geographical condition as it was the pathway for the traders since it was between the desert and the mountains. Most of the important trade items such as feathers of ostrich, ivory and tusks of the time were transported through Darfur but in today’s economy they are no longer necessary hence decline in the economic growth of Darfur. With the imposition of the colonialists, Darfur’s importance ceased and from then their attention from the central government was lost (Prunier 2007). People of Western Sudan were disappointed by the central government for its neglect on the region. Drought experienced in 1983 and 1984 and its mismanagement by the government added to the fury. This is because the then president ignored warnings by experts on the effects of the drought on the people. Although the international community provided food it was hardly enough and this led to conflicts among the Darfurians as they tried to survive (Collins & Burr, 1995). The autonym also concurs that these disagreements between Khartoum and Southerners are major factors that brought about the conflicts. Lack of security is also a concern for the government. Darfur is in the east of the Chad and is not part of Nile Valley. Geographically, Darfur is in Chad and in the past the inhabitants were linked to west more than to the Arabs on the east of Nile. This has made Darfur to be seen to be open to influence from the neighboring countries. In the past, Sudan has had issues with Chad which made the government of Sudan to allow the Libyan troops to train there and this led to increased cases of banditry and small scale violence (Collins, 2006). Conflicts in Darfur have been said to spill over to the western border into Chad and Central Africa Republic (CAR) with several armed forces being involved hence forcing the people to flee their homes across the three countries. Chad and Sudan have been accusing each other of lending a helping hand to the rebel movements in one another’s country. A quarter of Darfur citizens have fled to UN ran camps in Chad while a few of Chad citizens have taken refuge in Darfur. CAR’s government blames Sudan for supporting coalition of rebels which is Union of Democratic Forces for Unity which opposes President Francoise B. of CAR. Darfur expelled a number of humanitarian agencies after International Criminal Court issued a warrant on arrest of Bashir. As a result, thirteen international agencies and some three local groups were told to cease working in Darfur and in other parts of northern and southern Sudan. Since then little humanitarian action is said to take place (Hicks, 2010). UN Panel of Experts that is given the mandate to monitor the situation on the ground has been denied access to some areas. Other monitoring mechanisms that are independent have been reorganized as joint mechanisms with the government of Sudan. This has in turn led to increased levels of malnutrition and more so in rural areas where aid is stretched beyond capacity. Camps where they have fled due to the fights are raided by armed groups and collection of basic needs materials like firewood is proving to be dangerous as women are raped and men killed. Malnutrition rates are increasing as levels of hygiene in camps is poor and sporadic fights continue displacing more people. As people migrate from one country to the other, due to the fights, they increase chances of spreading infections. Cholera which is related to poor conditions spreads fast and other air borne diseases. Furthermore, the immigrants might not be covered by health services of the receiving country be it Sudan or the neighbors as they are not documented as required therefore being more vulnerable to diseases and this could serve as a source of spread of diseases. Public health interventions in Darfur and in the nearby border camps might not have the required health personnel who are useful in controlling or treatment of some minor infections which makes it worse and also facilitates fast spread of infections. These factors will make easy for diseases or infections to spread fast causing more trouble to the already malnourished people as the conditions are favoring too (Hicks, 2010). Doha Darfur Agreement This is a declaration of goodwill and confidence building signed by the government of Sudan and Darfur justice and Equality Movement (JEM) which is to pave way for full blown negotiations. It aims at resolving the conflicts in Darfur. Qatar is playing the role of a mediator with the help of African union-United Nations through the use of intensive talks. These talks have been seen to restore sanity if not the required level of complete peace to the troubled region. One of the reasons why it is seen to be a success is because of Qatar’s active role in the last two years in collaboration with African Union- United Nations mediation team which is led by Djibril Bassole. Qatar has been successful in bringing the two parties together and getting them to ink a deal that is deemed to have the potential for paving way to settlement of the disputes. Secondly, the current political climate and pressure on al Bashir to strike a deal as early as possible is also seen to be a reason. Al Bashir is getting pressure from Western countries in addition to the human rights organization for his bad record on rights of humanity besides ICC threats to arrest him. Upcoming referendums for independence in southern parts have put pressure on Bashir to call for peace (Pandey, 2010). Third reason that is seen to make the peace deal a success under Qatar leadership is the difficulties that are being faced by the JWEM movement to keep its movement intact. With no support from N’Dajema, the group can only opt for a peace deal as this is the only option since it has also lost the support it had before. The peace deal promises all the parties a chance to share power with the government. The fourth reason is the change of heart of the neighboring government of Chad. They have made amendments with the Khartoum government to end their long term feud. The signing of the peace accord by Chadian government in Doha shows its willingness to end the long term disputes and its support of Darfur. Another reason is the approach by International community which has also seen some changes. There is a positive attitude as the agreement led by Qatar has the full backing of organizations and world powers that have major influence. Finally disarray in rebel movements in Darfur is another reason. Leader of SLA which sparked off the fights has lost major influence on the ground due to certain splits. Many of the splitters have joined hand to form Liberation Movement for justice which has agreed to talk with the Sudanese government. With the support of most countries and with the dedication of the government of Sudan this can be seen as a step forward for the on going peace talks. Dedication too by JEM which is playing a major role is a good sign that the deal will be a success. Mass participation by people of Sudan in the concluded elections shows that there is a positive trend (Pandey, 2010). However, these peace deals have been marked by a number of difficulties which include: lack of confidence among the parties to the conflict, disputes among the movements and their unwillingness to unite in the critical process of restoring peace. These challenges are being overcome through the use of workshops which comprises of international leadership and experts drawn from the civil society organizations which are supposed to submit a recommendation on Darfur’s crisis so as to restore peace. Other challenges facing the peace talks are issues related to pockets of instability and lack of access to unstable and other areas by UNAMID. Some of the measures taken to counter the challenges are deployment of security to the humanitarian persons and the targeted population, and provision of pro active support for the peace keeping process and facilitation of the ongoing normalization of relations between Chad and Sudan and support of recovery process (UN Security Council, 2010). Conclusion The crises in Darfur do not reflect local conflicts but rather government crisis in the whole nation. The major reason why the conflicts erupted in Darfur is because of negligence by central government to issues related to development. Due to this many of people have been deprived of their human rights and there have been several humanitarian crises which have led to many deaths. Most of the deaths were due to poor health conditions especially in the camps and also due to lack of water. The only way to ensure that the conflicts come to an end or some level of sanity is restored is through the government’s dedication to peace talks with the other rebel groups. Equal development should be advocated for the whole country. Even with the deployment of troops by AU and extensive talks being held, emphasis should be on factors that led to the conflicts or else the interventions might turn out to be total failure. With the on going peace talks led by Qatar, some hope is raising though there are some difficulties involved. The strategies that are being used to correct the challenges show the extent of commitment and this makes the world and Darfur people to raise their hopes even more. Some strategic consultations too are on going between UNAMID and United Nations, African union, Arabs, the newly elected officials, displaced persons, women, the youths and representatives of civil organizations and involvement in peace process. Chad and Sudan’s reconciliation is strengthening too and there are no further reported cases of cross border attacks (UN Security Council, 2010). Efforts made by the international community in response to the crisis facing Darfur are being closely monitored by international organizations, governments, and worldwide scholars. If the international community continues to show its support, Sudan will finally enjoy peace which has been absent for so many years. References AMNESTY International, (2008). Sudan: the crisis in Darfur. Retrieved on June 7, 2010 from http://www. amnesty. ca/themes/sudan_darfur_conflict. php AP, (2010). Review of data from Darfur conflicts shows that 80% of deaths caused by diseases and not violence. Retrieved on June 7, 2010 from http://blog. taragana. com/health/2010/01/23/review-of-data-from-darfur-conflict-shows-80-percent-of-deaths-caused-by-disease-not-violence-186 Burr, J. Milliard and Robert O. Collins (1995) Requiem for the Sudan: War, Drought, and Disaster Relief on the Nile. Boudler: Westview Press Inc. Collins, Robert O. (2006) The Disaster in Darfur in Historical Perspective, The Journal of Conflict Studies, Winter 2006, pp. 25-43 Flint, J. & De Waal, A. (2005) Darfur: A Short History of A Long War. London: Zed Books Kumar, V. (2010). Why international interventions to stop fighting in Darfur failed and alternative policies. Retrieved on June 7, 2010 from http://www. helium. com/items/954423-international-intervention-stop-fighting-darfur-failed-policy-alternatives? page=2 Hicks, C. (2010). Chad: views from Darfur refugees and UN protection force for Central Africa. Retrieved on June 8, 2010 from http://www. helomagazine. org/chad/2010/3/4/chad-views-from-darfur-refugees-and-the-un-protection-force. html Pandey, R. (2010). Why Darfur accord will hold. Qatar Tribune. Prunier, G. (2007) Darfur: The Ambiguous Genocide. New York: Cornell University Press. SaveDarfur, (2010). What has happened in Darfur? Retrieved on June 7, 2010 from http://www. savedarfur. org/pages/primer Ubiera, S. N. (2010). Darfur. Retrieved on June 7, 2010 from http://achumbalacafe. tripod. com/id1.html United Nations Children’s Fund, (2010). Sudan: Nutrition summary, issue 23. United Nations Security Council, (2010). AU-UN Hybrid operation in Darfur focused on protection mandate despite challenges. Retrieved on June 8, 2010 from http://www. reliefweb. int/rw/rwb. nsf/db900SID/EGUA-85MR67 USAID, (2010). Sudan food security outlook. Retrieved on June 7, 2010 from http://www. fews. net/docs/Publications/Sudan_Outlook_April_2010_final. pdf World Food Programme, (2010). What is malnutrition? Retrieved on June 7, 2010 from http://www. wfp. org/hunger/stats? gclid=CNG94pXAjaICFU6Z2AodHD9_Uw

Minorities and Women in Criminal Justice Essay

There are many key issues impacting minorities and women in the criminal justice system . Sexism still exists in the United States. Sexism against women is shown in the media and indicates that sexism still pervades in our society. Another key issue is the overrepresentation and disparities among minorities in the criminal justice system. After the act of September 11, racial profiling and other acts of racial hate crimes suggests that racism occurs. Another key issue that indicates that racial disparities occur in the criminal justice system is the overrepresentation of minorities in the Juvenile Justice system. Sexism against women- Sexism still pervades in our society. A clear example of this is the way Hillary Clinton was treated in the elections. Hillary faced many gender-based abuse by the media and many individuals. â€Å"Multiple studies on women in national security have shown concerns about the progression of women into senior leadership positions (Erbe, 2008).† Some feel women are inferior to men, this is clearly a form of sexism. Statistics from U.S. Bureau of Justice indicates that women are much more likely than men to experience â€Å"nonfatal intimate partner violence†. 30% of female homicide victims are estimated to have been killed by intimate partners in comparison to 5% male homicide victims. In the past, women were not included in higher education. When women were included in higher education , they were encouraged into majors that were less intellectual. Women have been excluded from participating in many professions. Based on a 2009 study conducted by Cornell University on the topic of CEOs, research suggests that while being obese limit’s the career opportunities of both women and men, being a bit overweight harms only female executives and may actually benefit male executives. There’s also a disparity of wages between men and women. Today, women earn 75% of the income of men. Research conducted suggest that mothers are 44% less likely to be hired than women with otherwise identical resumes, experience, and qualifications, and if hired are offered on an average $11,000 a year less than women without children. On the other hand, men without children earn on an average $7,500 less than men with children. Discrimination in juvenile justice system- The Juvenile Justice System was established in the late 1800s. Juvenile did not have much Constitutional rights until recently when the Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act was established in 1968. The act was created to help juveniles who are in danger of becoming delinquent by providing assistance. The juvenile justice system is separate from the adult criminal court system. African American juveniles are overrepresented in the Juvenile justice system. Statistics show that the criminal justice system discriminates against racial minorities. Racial disparities questions the treatment of juveniles by the police, courts/juvenile justice system . Cases are affected by race in the front end of the system. Black males are more likely to be detained compared to whites. USA Today article indicates that minorities fare worse in traffic stops. Police use more force against Blacks and Hispanics. Report concludes with disturbing disparities as to what happens to minorities after the stop. Recommendations for the criminal justice system include; building accountability in the exercise of discretion by police and prosecutors, and improve the diversity of low enforcement personnel. Other recommendations include; improving the collection of criminal justice data relevant to racial consequences of criminal convictions. Minorities-The USA Patriot Act was passed after September 11, 2006 when the United States was attacked by terrorist. The act was passed on October 26, 2001 by members of the congress. â€Å"The Patriot Act stretches terrorism laws to include domestic terrorism which can cause political organizations to surveillance, wiretapping, harassment, and criminal action (Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA Patriot Act) 2001)†. Law enforcement can conduct secret searches at their will. They can have access to medical, financial, mental health and student records with minimal oversight. Many feel that new legislation and enforcement of The Patriot Act takes away our freedom and some feel that this will protect us and possibly prevent another attack. There are many disadvantages of The Patriot Act. Many Arabs and Asian immigrants have been interrogated not for a wrong act but because of religion or ethnic background. New Federal Executive Branch actions have discriminated Arabs and Asians. Thousands of Asian and Arab men have been held in custody for weeks and months, without any charges filed against them. An action such as these by the government is supported by The Patriot Act yet it threatens the First Amendment which is supposed to protect our freedom of religion, speech assembly, and the press. It also threatens the fourth Amendment which is freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures. There is a lack of information within the patriot act that shows evidence that this act was a major reason for September 11 terrorist attacks. This act is an invasion of privacy with inadequate security benefits. The government is given the opportunity and power to investigate and search people’s homes without good cause. Inaccurate information collected by the government can be kept on file permanently and viewed by law enforcement officers. This personal and flawed information can be used against the American citizen to create hardship. A file can be created not based on criminal actions or misconduct but based on suspicion. It is evident the Patriot act threatens some of the amendments in the bill of rights and invades our privacy. There are many pros and cons to The Patriot Act. Citizens have to give up some individual rights in results of saving lives. The Act is meant to protect the U.S. society, civil rights and liberty. Liberty has to be sacrificed to obtain security. Community policing can address the fear that an individual citizen experiences after any act â€Å"Instead of de-emphasizing community policing efforts, police departments should realize that community policing may be more important than ever in dealing with terrorism in their communities (Homeland Security)†. Despite the progress and transition that our country has experienced, unfortunately sexism and racial disparities still exist within the criminal justice system. References Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA Patriot Act) Act of 2001. Retrieved Aug 14, 2009 from: www.eff.org/censorship.terrorism.militias Despite Democrats Opposition, House Reauthorizes Patriot Act. Retrieved August 14, 2008 from: http://proquest.umi.com. www.Aclu.org http://www.homelandsecurity.org

Bread and Roses essays

Bread and Roses essays In the film Bread and Roses, we see a real humanistic story of an immigrant in the United States. For me, It represents the life of most of the immigrants who are working and living in this powerful country right now .There are many themes in this film that I can write about, but the main ones are the exploitation and the low wages of the immigrants in their jobs, the decisions they have to make about something important, the right to freedom of speech, and the respect to peoples job. For me each character represents these themes in the film. In this essay I want to explain my point of view about these themes in this great film . This film give us an idea of the types of jobs in a big city like Los Angeles, also you see the exploitation and the low wages that immigrants receive. A good example is Maya and the other janitors. Do you think that the janitors receive the same benefits and wages of a person who works in a office?. Well I dont think so. That is why Maya wanted to fight, because she wanted benefits and a reasonable paid for her and all the janitors. I like her when she said that the immigrants are very important in this country, because is true. This country has a good economy thanks for us. If we think of the immigrants that work in the fields, factories, cleaning houses and other jobs, we are benefitting this country in a great way, but I cant accept the treatment and exploitation from some persons that treat the immigrant workers like animals; and even if its a person who is our own race like the manager of the janitors in the film. When I watched that part of the movie when he was firing a wo man who had been work there seventeen years, I was very upset. If I was her, I would answer him with harsh words , and I wouldnt care to loose the job. Also in this film we see the decisions that had to make the janitors to unite with the union of janitors. Well I think t ...

Analysis of The Military Strategies of The Campaign of Mantinea essays

Analysis of The Military Strategies of The Campaign of Mantinea essays Analysis Of The Military Strategies Of The Campaign Of Mantinea The Peloponnesian War spanned many, many years in which two main factions, the Spartans and the Athenians, were warring for the domination of Greece along with the many surrounding villages; many with their own agendas. I will be doing an analysis of one particular campaign; the campaign of Mantinea fought in the year 362 B.C.E. To do this I first must bring to light some of the key players in this campaign, especially Epaminondas. Epaminondas, a Theban general, was charged with the task to make the Peloponnese as weak as possible so they may overtake it with the least resistance. To do this the Thebans must play both sides of the war. The Thebans were supposedly allied with the Spartans but in those times that mattered little, treaties were broke and regained on a daily basis. Epaminondas had with him all the Boeotians, the Euboeans and many of the Thessalians; and while the Phocians were bound by treaty to assist the Thebans they found no reasoning in the treaty to justify them assisting with a foreign invasion. This was of little concern to Epaminondas seeing as once they were in the Peloponesse they had the help of the Argives, Messenians, the Tegeans, the Megalopolitans, the Aseans, and the Pallantians. (Xenophon. 396-397) Knowing he had the support of many factions, Epaminondas sped away into Peloponnese. He made it as far as Nemea and decided that this was the only way the Athenian army could come to invade Peloponnese. He assumed any loss to the Athenians would ultimately benefit Thebes and rally his allies and discourage those of the Athenians. Unbeknownst to him the forces opposing Thebes were gathering at Mantinea. Epaminondas' choice to use Nemea, as a striking point to wound the Athenians, was well justified but his intelligence was slow. The Athenians had decided instead of marching to Peloponnese they would sail into the gulf of Argolis...

The use of DDT has been banned in the United States because of Essay

The use of DDT has been banned in the United States because of environmental damage and human health concerns. However, in malar - Essay Example (Hayes & Laws, 1991). â€Å"Estimated lethal dose for man is 500 mg/kg and in kerosene solution it’s 150 mg/kg. Woodward et al. (1944) have stated the accepted acute mean lethal dose in rats as 250 mg/kg and Gosselin et al. (1984) has mentioned that the same amount would also be fatal for human beings. Baselt (1982) has stated that DDT is comparatively alright with a lethal dose of 30 g in an adult. â€Å"Exposure to an aerosol mist containing 80 mg DDT in a room of 113 m3 on five consecutive days for two hours two times a day showed no evidence of toxic effects†. (DDT, 1990) Studies have also revealed that the young are at no greater risk than adults. The four phases of the disposition of a toxic compound to estimate its toxicity are absorption through membranes in a system, the distribution throughout the system, the excretion and elimination from the system and finally, the metabolic fate of the chemical. Absorption happens from the gastrointestinal tract and throug h inhalation. DDT can also be taken in by intact skin in oily solution. DDT gets distributed in the body and primarily affects the central nervous system causing irritability. Violent agitations might also take place but is less common than with other organ chlorine pesticides. DDT tends to get accumulated in fatty tissues along with metabolites DDD and DDE. It also gets converted to DDA and dispatched through urine. Breathing in fine DDT aerosol or dust can cause problems for the nose, throat and eyes (Hayes & Laws, 1991). Formulations of DDT dissolved in a solvent is also known to cause temporary dermatitis. In most cases, the effect is attributable to the solvent and not DDT itself. Increased urinary excretion of the more polar metabolites is generally compensated for by increased steroid biosynthesis (Gosselin et al. , 1984). ). The effects of DDT on the respiratory system are only minor compared to the effects that it has on the nervous system. Heightened salivation has been ob served in persons who consumed DDT-infested food (Hayes & Laws, 1991). Apart from vomiting, the gastrointestinal system is hardly affected in cases of extreme poisoning and Renal damage has also been observed in people to some extent. Types of Exposure and Responses associated with DDT: Food is the primary way in which the population gets exposed to DDT. And â€Å"due to its low biodegradability and high lyophilise properties, small amounts of DDT are found to have accumulated in adipose tissue. DDT tends to get stored to a lesser extent in other tissue and this amount is proportional to their neutral fat content.†(Data Sheet on Pesticides, 1976, 2.2) Almost 5000 tonnes of DDT is used every year for the control of vector-borne diseases, primarily for malaria and visceral leishmaniasis control. DDT is acknowledged as a persistent organic pollutant(POP). It gets stored in the fatty tissue of animals and humans, makes its way up the food chain and is found in high concentrations in human breast milk(biomagnification). Populations in areas close to countries which make use of DDT and in temperate regions can be indirectly affected by long-range atmospheric transport so that DDT may contaminate environments far from where it is used. Large exposures can result in vomiting. â€Å"The earliest symptoms include par aesthesia of the tongue, dizziness, tremors and vomiting. It is generally believed that long exposure to DDT and its main metabolic product DDE

Creating a Unit and Assessing Performance Assignment

Creating a Unit and Assessing Performance - Assignment Example This paper will focus on Social studies of Second Graders in Schools in Florida. Social Studies Skills and Concepts Matrix is structured in a manner to help the classroom teacher to assess the essential skills and perceptions of the students throughout the pre K 12 education. This curriculum is clearly constructed so that teachers can understand the introduction, development, mastery and the reinforcement of social studies and language Arts skills in order to ease the planning process. This also facilitates that there is uniform acquisition of these concepts and skills by the students across Florida. The social studies skills and concept matrix has four categories research skills, civil awareness concepts, geographical skills and concepts and social studies skills. The specific skills have been listed for each grade level. The introduction bench mark signifies the corresponding social studies with each skill that is introduced. The social studies skills should be evaluate using other core subjects to determine the overall Performance of the subject. To do this a year table that has been split between every nine weeks of teaching will be effective. It will be categorized with other subjects like language arts, Math, Reading and science. There is a lot of information in Social Studies that the second grade students of the state of Florida can obtain from the pacing guide if properly followed by the teacher. By the first nine weeks, a second grader studying Social Studies should know the responsibilities of a Citizenship, construction and use of simple maps and globes. The second nine weeks should teach on the contributions of American Indians and describing regions, communities and environment. By the third nine weeks the student should know the famous Americans and their contributions. The fourth nine weeks will let them understand barter trade system and holocaust. For ever set of nine weeks the student finishes there are special factors